Digestive and Urinary System

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Food must be changed into smaller nutrients before they can be absorbed into the blood and carried into the cells in the body.

• DIGESTION-Mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods for the use by the body's cells.
• ABSORPTION-Passage of digested food from the digestive tract into the cardiovascular system.
• ELIMINATION-The expulsion of undigested food or body waste.

Structures Of The Digestive System

The digestion process begins in the mouth,the first stage of the process, is taking the food into the body.

• TEETH-Primary function is to break the food you eat into smaller pieces.
• MASTICATION-Process of chewing.
• Salivary glands-Produce first juices in mouth.
• Tongue-Forms food to be swallowed.

ESOPHAGUS

When food is swallowed it enters the esophagus, it is a muscular tube about 10 inches long that connect the pharynx with the stomach.

• PERISTALSIS-a series of involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

STOMACH

Is a hollow, sac like organ enclosed in a muscular wall.

• GASTRIC JUICES-secretions from the stomach lining that contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
• CHYME-a creamy,fluid mixture of food and gastric juices.

CARE AND PROBLEMS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Follow a well balanced diet that includes a variety of foods that are low in fat and high in fiber.

FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Indigestion-is a feeling of discomfort in the upper abdomen.
• Heartburn-a burning sensation in the center chest.
• Hiatal hernia-a condition.
• Gas-carbohydrates or complex sugars cause gas.
• Constipation-condition in which feces become dry and hard and bowel movements become hard